Women and children are priorities in national healthcare for every country and China has always attached great importance to them. The traditional pattern of a high birth rate and a high mortality rate in China has been replaced with a virtuous cycle of a low birth rate and a low mortality rate. Women's healthcare includes adolescent healthcare, premarital check-ups, antenatal check-ups for pregnant women, folic acid distribution, monitoring of high-risk pregnant women, reproductive health promotion, menopause healthcare, screening and prevention of common women's diseases. Children's healthcare includes neonatal disease screening, post-natal visits, check-ups, vaccinations, monitoring of newborn babies and preschool healthcare.